[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":962},["ShallowReactive",2],{"entries:timeline_event":3},{"entries":4},[5,15,23,31,39,47,55,63,71,80,88,96,104,112,120,128,136,144,152,160,168,176,184,192,200,208,216,224,232,240,248,256,264,272,280,288,296,304,312,320,328,336,344,352,360,368,376,384,392,400,408,416,424,433,441,449,457,465,473,481,489,497,505,513,521,529,537,545,553,561,569,577,585,593,601,609,617,625,633,641,649,657,665,673,681,689,696,704,711,719,726,734,742,749,756,764,772,780,788,796,803,811,819,826,834,842,850,858,866,874,882,890,897,905,914,922,930,938,946,954],{"id":6,"year":7,"title":8,"review":9,"source":10,"chapter":13,"summary":14},"uk-bc4000-farming-arrives",-4000,"Farming reaches Britain",false,{"url":11,"title":12},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNeolithic_British_Isles","Wikipedia: Neolithic British Isles","history","From about 4000 BC, newcomers from mainland Europe brought farming, and people in Britain began to grow crops and keep animals.",{"id":16,"year":17,"title":18,"review":9,"source":19,"chapter":13,"summary":22},"uk-bc3180-skara-brae",-3180,"Skara Brae village",{"url":20,"title":21},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSkara_Brae","Wikipedia: Skara Brae","From about 3180 BC, people lived in the stone houses of Skara Brae in Orkney, one of the best-kept Stone Age villages in Europe.",{"id":24,"year":25,"title":26,"review":9,"source":27,"chapter":13,"summary":30},"uk-bc3000-stonehenge",-3000,"Stonehenge begins",{"url":28,"title":29},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStonehenge","Wikipedia: Stonehenge","Work on Stonehenge in Wiltshire started about 3000 BC; its great stones were raised and moved over many centuries after that.",{"id":32,"year":33,"title":34,"review":9,"source":35,"chapter":13,"summary":38},"uk-bc55-caesar-in-britain",-55,"Julius Caesar lands in Britain",{"url":36,"title":37},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJulius_Caesar%27s_invasions_of_Britain","Wikipedia: Julius Caesar's invasions of Britain","The Roman general Julius Caesar crossed to Britain in 55 BC and again in 54 BC, but he did not stay or conquer the island.",{"id":40,"year":41,"title":42,"review":9,"source":43,"chapter":13,"summary":46},"uk-43-roman-invasion",43,"Roman invasion",{"url":44,"title":45},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRoman_conquest_of_Britain","Wikipedia: Roman conquest of Britain","In AD 43 the army of Emperor Claudius invaded, and much of Britain became part of the Roman Empire.",{"id":48,"year":49,"title":50,"review":9,"source":51,"chapter":13,"summary":54},"uk-60-boudica",60,"Boudica rebels",{"url":52,"title":53},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBoudican_revolt","Wikipedia: Boudican revolt","Around AD 60 Boudica, queen of the Iceni people in eastern England, led a large but failed revolt against Roman rule.",{"id":56,"year":57,"title":58,"review":9,"source":59,"chapter":13,"summary":62},"uk-122-hadrians-wall",122,"Hadrian's Wall",{"url":60,"title":61},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHadrian%27s_Wall","Wikipedia: Hadrian's Wall","Building began in AD 122 on a long Roman wall across northern England, ordered by Emperor Hadrian to guard the frontier.",{"id":64,"year":65,"title":66,"review":9,"source":67,"chapter":13,"summary":70},"uk-410-romans-leave",410,"Roman rule ends",{"url":68,"title":69},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEnd_of_Roman_rule_in_Britain","Wikipedia: End of Roman rule in Britain","By about 410 the Roman army had left Britain to defend other parts of the empire, and Roman government on the island came to an end.",{"id":72,"year":73,"title":74,"review":75,"source":76,"chapter":13,"summary":79},"uk-450-anglo-saxons-settle",450,"Anglo-Saxons settle",true,{"url":77,"title":78},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnglo-Saxon_settlement_of_Britain","Wikipedia: Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain","In the 5th century, about 450, tribes from northern Germany and Denmark began to settle in Britain and set up their own kingdoms.",{"id":81,"year":82,"title":83,"review":9,"source":84,"chapter":13,"summary":87},"uk-597-augustine-mission",597,"Christian mission to Kent",{"url":85,"title":86},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGregorian_mission","Wikipedia: Gregorian mission","In 597 the monk Augustine, sent by the Pope, arrived in Kent to spread Christianity among the Anglo-Saxons.",{"id":89,"year":90,"title":91,"review":9,"source":92,"chapter":13,"summary":95},"uk-793-lindisfarne-raid",793,"Vikings raid Lindisfarne",{"url":93,"title":94},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FViking_raid_on_Lindisfarne","Wikipedia: Viking raid on Lindisfarne","In 793 Vikings attacked the monastery on Lindisfarne, off the north-east coast, starting a long period of Viking raids.",{"id":97,"year":98,"title":99,"review":75,"source":100,"chapter":13,"summary":103},"uk-843-kenneth-macalpin",843,"Kenneth MacAlpin unites Picts and Scots",{"url":101,"title":102},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FKenneth_MacAlpin","Wikipedia: Kenneth MacAlpin","Tradition dates to about 843 the rule of Kenneth MacAlpin over both the Picts and the Scots, a step towards a single Scottish kingdom.",{"id":105,"year":106,"title":107,"review":9,"source":108,"chapter":13,"summary":111},"uk-871-alfred-king",871,"Alfred becomes king of Wessex",{"url":109,"title":110},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAlfred_the_Great","Wikipedia: Alfred the Great","Alfred, later called \"the Great\", became king of the West Saxons in 871 and led the defence of his kingdom against the Vikings.",{"id":113,"year":114,"title":115,"review":9,"source":116,"chapter":13,"summary":119},"uk-878-battle-of-edington",878,"Alfred defeats the Vikings",{"url":117,"title":118},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Edington","Wikipedia: Battle of Edington","In 878 Alfred beat the Viking army led by Guthrum at Edington in Wiltshire, which stopped the Vikings taking all of England.",{"id":121,"year":122,"title":123,"review":9,"source":124,"chapter":13,"summary":127},"uk-927-athelstan",927,"Æthelstan, first king of England",{"url":125,"title":126},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002F%C3%86thelstan","Wikipedia: Æthelstan","From 927 Æthelstan ruled as King of the English, and many historians see him as the first king of a united England.",{"id":129,"year":130,"title":131,"review":9,"source":132,"chapter":13,"summary":135},"uk-1016-cnut",1016,"Cnut takes the throne",{"url":133,"title":134},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCnut","Wikipedia: Cnut","The Danish leader Cnut became King of England in 1016 and later also ruled Denmark and Norway.",{"id":137,"year":138,"title":139,"review":9,"source":140,"chapter":13,"summary":143},"uk-1066-battle-of-hastings",1066,"Battle of Hastings",{"url":141,"title":142},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Hastings","Wikipedia: Battle of Hastings","On 14 October 1066 William of Normandy defeated King Harold at Hastings, and the Normans went on to conquer England.",{"id":145,"year":146,"title":147,"review":9,"source":148,"chapter":13,"summary":151},"uk-1086-domesday-book",1086,"Domesday Book",{"url":149,"title":150},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDomesday_Book","Wikipedia: Domesday Book","In 1086 William the Conqueror had a great survey made of who owned land and animals across much of England.",{"id":153,"year":154,"title":155,"review":9,"source":156,"chapter":13,"summary":159},"uk-1170-thomas-becket",1170,"Murder of Thomas Becket",{"url":157,"title":158},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FThomas_Becket","Wikipedia: Thomas Becket","Archbishop Thomas Becket was killed in Canterbury Cathedral in 1170 after a bitter quarrel with King Henry II.",{"id":161,"year":162,"title":163,"review":9,"source":164,"chapter":13,"summary":167},"uk-1215-magna-carta",1215,"Magna Carta",{"url":165,"title":166},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMagna_Carta","Wikipedia: Magna Carta","In 1215 King John agreed to Magna Carta at Runnymede, accepting that even the king had to obey the law.",{"id":169,"year":170,"title":171,"review":9,"source":172,"chapter":13,"summary":175},"uk-1265-de-montfort-parliament",1265,"Simon de Montfort's Parliament",{"url":173,"title":174},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSimon_de_Montfort%27s_Parliament","Wikipedia: Simon de Montfort's Parliament","In 1265 the rebel baron Simon de Montfort called a parliament that included knights and town representatives, an early step to the Commons.",{"id":177,"year":178,"title":179,"review":9,"source":180,"chapter":13,"summary":183},"uk-1282-conquest-of-wales",1282,"Edward I conquers Wales",{"url":181,"title":182},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FConquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I","Wikipedia: Conquest of Wales by Edward I","Llywelyn, the last native Prince of Wales, was killed in 1282, and King Edward I of England took control of Wales.",{"id":185,"year":186,"title":187,"review":9,"source":188,"chapter":13,"summary":191},"uk-1297-stirling-bridge",1297,"Battle of Stirling Bridge",{"url":189,"title":190},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Stirling_Bridge","Wikipedia: Battle of Stirling Bridge","In 1297 Scottish forces under William Wallace and Andrew Moray beat an English army at Stirling Bridge.",{"id":193,"year":194,"title":195,"review":9,"source":196,"chapter":13,"summary":199},"uk-1314-bannockburn",1314,"Battle of Bannockburn",{"url":197,"title":198},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Bannockburn","Wikipedia: Battle of Bannockburn","In June 1314 Robert the Bruce, King of Scots, defeated the English army of Edward II at Bannockburn.",{"id":201,"year":202,"title":203,"review":9,"source":204,"chapter":13,"summary":207},"uk-1320-declaration-of-arbroath",1320,"Declaration of Arbroath",{"url":205,"title":206},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDeclaration_of_Arbroath","Wikipedia: Declaration of Arbroath","In 1320 Scottish nobles wrote to the Pope to defend Scotland's independence and Robert the Bruce's right to be king.",{"id":209,"year":210,"title":211,"review":9,"source":212,"chapter":13,"summary":215},"uk-1348-black-death",1348,"Black Death",{"url":213,"title":214},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBlack_Death_in_England","Wikipedia: Black Death in England","Plague reached England in 1348 and killed a huge part of the population, leaving a shortage of workers afterwards.",{"id":217,"year":218,"title":219,"review":9,"source":220,"chapter":13,"summary":223},"uk-1381-peasants-revolt",1381,"Peasants' Revolt",{"url":221,"title":222},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPeasants%27_Revolt","Wikipedia: Peasants' Revolt","In 1381 large numbers of ordinary people rose up, partly over a new tax, and marched on London.",{"id":225,"year":226,"title":227,"review":9,"source":228,"chapter":13,"summary":231},"uk-1387-canterbury-tales",1387,"Chaucer's Canterbury Tales",{"url":229,"title":230},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FThe_Canterbury_Tales","Wikipedia: The Canterbury Tales","From 1387 Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, stories told by pilgrims and one of the first great works in English.",{"id":233,"year":234,"title":235,"review":9,"source":236,"chapter":13,"summary":239},"uk-1400-glyndwr-rising",1400,"Owain Glyndŵr's rising",{"url":237,"title":238},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGlynd%C5%B5r_Rising","Wikipedia: Glyndŵr Rising","In 1400 the Welsh leader Owain Glyndŵr began a rebellion against English rule that lasted for more than a decade.",{"id":241,"year":242,"title":243,"review":9,"source":244,"chapter":13,"summary":247},"uk-1415-agincourt",1415,"Battle of Agincourt",{"url":245,"title":246},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Agincourt","Wikipedia: Battle of Agincourt","In 1415 the army of Henry V won a famous victory over the French at Agincourt during the Hundred Years' War.",{"id":249,"year":250,"title":251,"review":9,"source":252,"chapter":13,"summary":255},"uk-1455-wars-of-the-roses",1455,"Wars of the Roses begin",{"url":253,"title":254},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWars_of_the_Roses","Wikipedia: Wars of the Roses","In 1455 fighting began between the houses of Lancaster and York over who should hold the English crown.",{"id":257,"year":258,"title":259,"review":9,"source":260,"chapter":13,"summary":263},"uk-1476-caxton-printing",1476,"Printing comes to England",{"url":261,"title":262},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_Caxton","Wikipedia: William Caxton","William Caxton set up the first printing press in England in 1476, making books cheaper and easier to produce.",{"id":265,"year":266,"title":267,"review":9,"source":268,"chapter":13,"summary":271},"uk-1485-bosworth",1485,"Battle of Bosworth",{"url":269,"title":270},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Bosworth_Field","Wikipedia: Battle of Bosworth Field","In 1485 Henry Tudor beat Richard III at Bosworth, became Henry VII and started the Tudor dynasty.",{"id":273,"year":274,"title":275,"review":9,"source":276,"chapter":13,"summary":279},"uk-1509-henry-viii",1509,"Henry VIII becomes king",{"url":277,"title":278},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHenry_VIII","Wikipedia: Henry VIII","Henry VIII came to the throne in 1509; he is remembered for his six wives and for breaking with the Church in Rome.",{"id":281,"year":282,"title":283,"review":9,"source":284,"chapter":13,"summary":287},"uk-1513-flodden",1513,"Battle of Flodden",{"url":285,"title":286},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Flodden","Wikipedia: Battle of Flodden","In 1513 an English army defeated the Scots at Flodden, and King James IV of Scotland was killed.",{"id":289,"year":290,"title":291,"review":9,"source":292,"chapter":13,"summary":295},"uk-1534-act-of-supremacy",1534,"Church of England breaks from Rome",{"url":293,"title":294},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FActs_of_Supremacy","Wikipedia: Acts of Supremacy","The Act of Supremacy in 1534 made Henry VIII head of the Church in England instead of the Pope.",{"id":297,"year":298,"title":299,"review":9,"source":300,"chapter":13,"summary":303},"uk-1535-laws-in-wales",1535,"Wales joined to England by law",{"url":301,"title":302},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FLaws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542","Wikipedia: Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542","Laws passed from 1535 brought Wales under English law and gave Welsh areas seats in Parliament.",{"id":305,"year":306,"title":307,"review":9,"source":308,"chapter":13,"summary":311},"uk-1536-dissolution-of-monasteries",1536,"Closing the monasteries",{"url":309,"title":310},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDissolution_of_the_monasteries","Wikipedia: Dissolution of the monasteries","From 1536 Henry VIII shut down the monasteries and took their land and wealth for the Crown.",{"id":313,"year":314,"title":315,"review":9,"source":316,"chapter":13,"summary":319},"uk-1558-elizabeth-i",1558,"Elizabeth I becomes queen",{"url":317,"title":318},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FElizabeth_I","Wikipedia: Elizabeth I","Elizabeth I began her reign in 1558; she ruled until 1603 and was the last Tudor monarch.",{"id":321,"year":322,"title":323,"review":9,"source":324,"chapter":13,"summary":327},"uk-1560-scottish-reformation",1560,"Scottish Reformation",{"url":325,"title":326},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FScottish_Reformation","Wikipedia: Scottish Reformation","In 1560 the Scottish Parliament broke with the Pope, and Scotland became a Protestant country.",{"id":329,"year":330,"title":331,"review":9,"source":332,"chapter":13,"summary":335},"uk-1564-shakespeare-born",1564,"William Shakespeare born",{"url":333,"title":334},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWilliam_Shakespeare","Wikipedia: William Shakespeare","William Shakespeare, the playwright and poet, was born in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1564.",{"id":337,"year":338,"title":339,"review":9,"source":340,"chapter":13,"summary":343},"uk-1587-mary-queen-of-scots",1587,"Mary, Queen of Scots executed",{"url":341,"title":342},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FExecution_of_Mary,_Queen_of_Scots","Wikipedia: Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots","Mary, Queen of Scots, held prisoner in England for years, was executed in 1587 on Elizabeth I's orders.",{"id":345,"year":346,"title":347,"review":9,"source":348,"chapter":13,"summary":351},"uk-1588-spanish-armada",1588,"Defeat of the Spanish Armada",{"url":349,"title":350},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSpanish_Armada","Wikipedia: Spanish Armada","In 1588 a large Spanish fleet sailed to invade England but was beaten by the English navy and bad weather.",{"id":353,"year":354,"title":355,"review":9,"source":356,"chapter":13,"summary":359},"uk-1603-union-of-the-crowns",1603,"Union of the Crowns",{"url":357,"title":358},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FUnion_of_the_Crowns","Wikipedia: Union of the Crowns","In 1603 James VI of Scotland also became James I of England, so one king now ruled both countries.",{"id":361,"year":362,"title":363,"review":9,"source":364,"chapter":13,"summary":367},"uk-1605-gunpowder-plot",1605,"Gunpowder Plot",{"url":365,"title":366},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGunpowder_Plot","Wikipedia: Gunpowder Plot","In 1605 a group of Catholics, including Guy Fawkes, failed in a plan to blow up Parliament and kill King James.",{"id":369,"year":370,"title":371,"review":9,"source":372,"chapter":13,"summary":375},"uk-1609-plantation-of-ulster",1609,"Plantation of Ulster",{"url":373,"title":374},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPlantation_of_Ulster","Wikipedia: Plantation of Ulster","From 1609 land in Ulster was taken and settled by Protestants from England and Scotland.",{"id":377,"year":378,"title":379,"review":9,"source":380,"chapter":13,"summary":383},"uk-1642-civil-war",1642,"Civil War begins",{"url":381,"title":382},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFirst_English_Civil_War","Wikipedia: First English Civil War","War broke out in 1642 between supporters of King Charles I and supporters of Parliament.",{"id":385,"year":386,"title":387,"review":9,"source":388,"chapter":13,"summary":391},"uk-1649-execution-of-charles-i",1649,"Charles I executed",{"url":389,"title":390},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FExecution_of_Charles_I","Wikipedia: Execution of Charles I","King Charles I was executed in London in January 1649, and England was ruled for a time without a monarch.",{"id":393,"year":394,"title":395,"review":9,"source":396,"chapter":13,"summary":399},"uk-1653-cromwell-lord-protector",1653,"Cromwell becomes Lord Protector",{"url":397,"title":398},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOliver_Cromwell","Wikipedia: Oliver Cromwell","Oliver Cromwell, the army leader, ruled as Lord Protector from 1653 until he died in 1658.",{"id":401,"year":402,"title":403,"review":9,"source":404,"chapter":13,"summary":407},"uk-1660-restoration",1660,"Restoration of the monarchy",{"url":405,"title":406},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStuart_Restoration","Wikipedia: Stuart Restoration","In 1660 the monarchy came back and Charles II, son of the executed king, took the throne.",{"id":409,"year":410,"title":411,"review":9,"source":412,"chapter":13,"summary":415},"uk-1665-great-plague",1665,"Great Plague of London",{"url":413,"title":414},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGreat_Plague_of_London","Wikipedia: Great Plague of London","In 1665 a major outbreak of plague killed many thousands of people in London.",{"id":417,"year":418,"title":419,"review":9,"source":420,"chapter":13,"summary":423},"uk-1666-great-fire",1666,"Great Fire of London",{"url":421,"title":422},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGreat_Fire_of_London","Wikipedia: Great Fire of London","In September 1666 a fire burned for days and destroyed much of the old City of London.",{"id":425,"year":426,"title":427,"review":9,"source":428,"chapter":431,"summary":432},"uk-1679-habeas-corpus",1679,"Habeas Corpus Act",{"url":429,"title":430},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHabeas_Corpus_Act_1679","Wikipedia: Habeas Corpus Act 1679","government","The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 made it harder to hold someone in prison without bringing them before a court.",{"id":434,"year":435,"title":436,"review":9,"source":437,"chapter":13,"summary":440},"uk-1687-newton-principia",1687,"Newton's Principia",{"url":438,"title":439},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPhilosophi%C3%A6_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematica","Wikipedia: Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica","In 1687 Isaac Newton published his great book on motion and gravity, which shaped modern science.",{"id":442,"year":443,"title":444,"review":9,"source":445,"chapter":13,"summary":448},"uk-1688-glorious-revolution",1688,"Glorious Revolution",{"url":446,"title":447},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGlorious_Revolution","Wikipedia: Glorious Revolution","In 1688 James II lost the throne, and his daughter Mary and her Dutch husband William of Orange became joint rulers.",{"id":450,"year":451,"title":452,"review":9,"source":453,"chapter":431,"summary":456},"uk-1689-bill-of-rights",1689,"Bill of Rights",{"url":454,"title":455},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBill_of_Rights_1689","Wikipedia: Bill of Rights 1689","The Bill of Rights of 1689 limited the power of the monarch and set out rights of Parliament.",{"id":458,"year":459,"title":460,"review":9,"source":461,"chapter":13,"summary":464},"uk-1690-battle-of-the-boyne",1690,"Battle of the Boyne",{"url":462,"title":463},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_the_Boyne","Wikipedia: Battle of the Boyne","In 1690 William III defeated the forces of James II at the River Boyne in Ireland.",{"id":466,"year":467,"title":468,"review":9,"source":469,"chapter":431,"summary":472},"uk-1701-act-of-settlement",1701,"Act of Settlement",{"url":470,"title":471},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAct_of_Settlement_1701","Wikipedia: Act of Settlement 1701","The Act of Settlement in 1701 made sure that only Protestants could inherit the English throne.",{"id":474,"year":475,"title":476,"review":9,"source":477,"chapter":13,"summary":480},"uk-1707-act-of-union",1707,"Act of Union with Scotland",{"url":478,"title":479},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FActs_of_Union_1707","Wikipedia: Acts of Union 1707","In 1707 England and Scotland joined to form the Kingdom of Great Britain with one Parliament.",{"id":482,"year":483,"title":484,"review":9,"source":485,"chapter":431,"summary":488},"uk-1721-walpole",1721,"First Prime Minister",{"url":486,"title":487},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRobert_Walpole","Wikipedia: Robert Walpole","Robert Walpole led the government from 1721 to 1742 and is usually seen as Britain's first Prime Minister.",{"id":490,"year":491,"title":492,"review":9,"source":493,"chapter":13,"summary":496},"uk-1745-jacobite-rising",1745,"Jacobite rising",{"url":494,"title":495},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FJacobite_rising_of_1745","Wikipedia: Jacobite rising of 1745","In 1745 Charles Edward Stuart, \"Bonnie Prince Charlie\", led a rising to win back the throne for the Stuart family.",{"id":498,"year":499,"title":500,"review":9,"source":501,"chapter":13,"summary":504},"uk-1746-culloden",1746,"Battle of Culloden",{"url":502,"title":503},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Culloden","Wikipedia: Battle of Culloden","In April 1746 government troops crushed the Jacobite army at Culloden, near Inverness.",{"id":506,"year":507,"title":508,"review":9,"source":509,"chapter":13,"summary":512},"uk-1759-robert-burns",1759,"Robert Burns born",{"url":510,"title":511},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRobert_Burns","Wikipedia: Robert Burns","Robert Burns, Scotland's best-known poet, was born in 1759; Scots still celebrate him every January.",{"id":514,"year":515,"title":516,"review":9,"source":517,"chapter":13,"summary":520},"uk-1771-cromford-mill",1771,"Arkwright's cotton mill",{"url":518,"title":519},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCromford_Mill","Wikipedia: Cromford Mill","In 1771 Richard Arkwright opened a water-powered cotton mill at Cromford, an early sign of the Industrial Revolution.",{"id":522,"year":523,"title":524,"review":9,"source":525,"chapter":13,"summary":528},"uk-1801-union-with-ireland",1801,"Union with Ireland",{"url":526,"title":527},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FActs_of_Union_1800","Wikipedia: Acts of Union 1800","On 1 January 1801 Great Britain and Ireland joined to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.",{"id":530,"year":531,"title":532,"review":9,"source":533,"chapter":13,"summary":536},"uk-1805-trafalgar",1805,"Battle of Trafalgar",{"url":534,"title":535},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Trafalgar","Wikipedia: Battle of Trafalgar","In 1805 the Royal Navy under Admiral Nelson beat the French and Spanish fleets at Trafalgar; Nelson was killed.",{"id":538,"year":539,"title":540,"review":9,"source":541,"chapter":13,"summary":544},"uk-1807-slave-trade-abolished",1807,"Slave trade abolished",{"url":542,"title":543},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSlave_Trade_Act_1807","Wikipedia: Slave Trade Act 1807","The Slave Trade Act of 1807 made it illegal for British ships to carry enslaved people.",{"id":546,"year":547,"title":548,"review":9,"source":549,"chapter":13,"summary":552},"uk-1815-waterloo",1815,"Battle of Waterloo",{"url":550,"title":551},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Waterloo","Wikipedia: Battle of Waterloo","In 1815 a British-led army under the Duke of Wellington, with Prussian help, defeated Napoleon at Waterloo.",{"id":554,"year":555,"title":556,"review":9,"source":557,"chapter":13,"summary":560},"uk-1825-first-public-railway",1825,"First public steam railway",{"url":558,"title":559},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FStockton_and_Darlington_Railway","Wikipedia: Stockton and Darlington Railway","The Stockton and Darlington Railway opened in 1825, the first public railway to use steam engines.",{"id":562,"year":563,"title":564,"review":9,"source":565,"chapter":431,"summary":568},"uk-1829-catholic-emancipation",1829,"Catholic emancipation",{"url":566,"title":567},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRoman_Catholic_Relief_Act_1829","Wikipedia: Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829","A law of 1829 removed many limits on Catholics, letting them sit in Parliament.",{"id":570,"year":571,"title":572,"review":9,"source":573,"chapter":431,"summary":576},"uk-1832-reform-act-1832",1832,"Great Reform Act",{"url":574,"title":575},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FReform_Act_1832","Wikipedia: Reform Act 1832","The Reform Act of 1832 gave more men the vote and gave seats in Parliament to growing industrial towns.",{"id":578,"year":579,"title":580,"review":9,"source":581,"chapter":13,"summary":584},"uk-1833-slavery-abolished",1833,"Slavery abolished in the Empire",{"url":582,"title":583},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSlavery_Abolition_Act_1833","Wikipedia: Slavery Abolition Act 1833","The Slavery Abolition Act of 1833 ended slavery across most of the British Empire.",{"id":586,"year":587,"title":588,"review":9,"source":589,"chapter":13,"summary":592},"uk-1837-queen-victoria",1837,"Victoria becomes queen",{"url":590,"title":591},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FQueen_Victoria","Wikipedia: Queen Victoria","Victoria came to the throne in 1837 and reigned for 63 years, a time of great industrial and imperial growth.",{"id":594,"year":595,"title":596,"review":9,"source":597,"chapter":13,"summary":600},"uk-1845-irish-famine",1845,"Great Famine in Ireland",{"url":598,"title":599},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGreat_Famine_(Ireland)","Wikipedia: Great Famine (Ireland)","From 1845 the potato crop failed in Ireland; about a million people died and many more left the country.",{"id":602,"year":603,"title":604,"review":9,"source":605,"chapter":13,"summary":608},"uk-1851-great-exhibition",1851,"Great Exhibition",{"url":606,"title":607},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGreat_Exhibition","Wikipedia: Great Exhibition","In 1851 the Great Exhibition in the Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, showed off goods and inventions from Britain and the world.",{"id":610,"year":611,"title":612,"review":9,"source":613,"chapter":13,"summary":616},"uk-1853-crimean-war",1853,"Crimean War",{"url":614,"title":615},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCrimean_War","Wikipedia: Crimean War","From 1853 to 1856 Britain fought alongside France and the Ottoman Empire against Russia in the Crimean War.",{"id":618,"year":619,"title":620,"review":9,"source":621,"chapter":13,"summary":624},"uk-1859-origin-of-species",1859,"Darwin's Origin of Species",{"url":622,"title":623},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FOn_the_Origin_of_Species","Wikipedia: On the Origin of Species","In 1859 Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species, setting out his theory of evolution.",{"id":626,"year":627,"title":628,"review":9,"source":629,"chapter":13,"summary":632},"uk-1860-nightingale-school",1860,"First nursing school",{"url":630,"title":631},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFlorence_Nightingale","Wikipedia: Florence Nightingale","In 1860 Florence Nightingale opened a training school for nurses at St Thomas' Hospital in London.",{"id":634,"year":635,"title":636,"review":9,"source":637,"chapter":431,"summary":640},"uk-1867-reform-act-1867",1867,"Second Reform Act",{"url":638,"title":639},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FReform_Act_1867","Wikipedia: Reform Act 1867","The Reform Act of 1867 gave the vote to many more working men living in towns.",{"id":642,"year":643,"title":644,"review":9,"source":645,"chapter":13,"summary":648},"uk-1882-married-womens-property",1882,"Married women can own property",{"url":646,"title":647},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMarried_Women%27s_Property_Act_1882","Wikipedia: Married Women's Property Act 1882","From 1882 a married woman could keep her own money and property instead of it passing to her husband.",{"id":650,"year":651,"title":652,"review":9,"source":653,"chapter":13,"summary":656},"uk-1903-wspu-founded",1903,"Suffragette movement founded",{"url":654,"title":655},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWomen%27s_Social_and_Political_Union","Wikipedia: Women's Social and Political Union","In 1903 Emmeline Pankhurst helped found the Women's Social and Political Union, whose members became known as suffragettes.",{"id":658,"year":659,"title":660,"review":9,"source":661,"chapter":431,"summary":664},"uk-1911-parliament-act-1911",1911,"Parliament Act 1911",{"url":662,"title":663},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FParliament_Act_1911","Wikipedia: Parliament Act 1911","The Parliament Act of 1911 cut the power of the House of Lords to block laws passed by the Commons.",{"id":666,"year":667,"title":668,"review":9,"source":669,"chapter":13,"summary":672},"uk-1914-first-world-war",1914,"First World War begins",{"url":670,"title":671},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWorld_War_I","Wikipedia: World War I","The First World War started in 1914; Britain and its empire fought until the armistice in 1918.",{"id":674,"year":675,"title":676,"review":9,"source":677,"chapter":13,"summary":680},"uk-1916-battle-of-the-somme",1916,"Battle of the Somme",{"url":678,"title":679},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_the_Somme","Wikipedia: Battle of the Somme","The Battle of the Somme in 1916 was one of the bloodiest of the war, with huge British losses.",{"id":682,"year":683,"title":684,"review":9,"source":685,"chapter":431,"summary":688},"uk-1918-votes-for-women-1918",1918,"Some women get the vote",{"url":686,"title":687},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRepresentation_of_the_People_Act_1918","Wikipedia: Representation of the People Act 1918","A 1918 law gave the vote to women over 30 who met certain conditions, and to almost all men over 21.",{"id":690,"year":683,"title":691,"review":9,"source":692,"chapter":13,"summary":695},"uk-1918-armistice","Armistice ends the fighting",{"url":693,"title":694},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FArmistice_of_11_November_1918","Wikipedia: Armistice of 11 November 1918","The fighting of the First World War stopped on 11 November 1918, now marked each year as Remembrance.",{"id":697,"year":698,"title":699,"review":9,"source":700,"chapter":13,"summary":703},"uk-1921-northern-ireland-created",1921,"Northern Ireland created",{"url":701,"title":702},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FParliament_of_Northern_Ireland","Wikipedia: Parliament of Northern Ireland","In 1921 Northern Ireland was set up with its own parliament and stayed part of the United Kingdom.",{"id":705,"year":698,"title":706,"review":9,"source":707,"chapter":13,"summary":710},"uk-1921-anglo-irish-treaty","Anglo-Irish Treaty",{"url":708,"title":709},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FAnglo-Irish_Treaty","Wikipedia: Anglo-Irish Treaty","The treaty of 1921 led to the Irish Free State, so most of Ireland left the United Kingdom.",{"id":712,"year":713,"title":714,"review":9,"source":715,"chapter":431,"summary":718},"uk-1928-equal-franchise",1928,"Equal voting rights",{"url":716,"title":717},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRepresentation_of_the_People_Act_1928","Wikipedia: Representation of the People Act 1928","From 1928 women could vote at 21, on the same terms as men.",{"id":720,"year":713,"title":721,"review":9,"source":722,"chapter":13,"summary":725},"uk-1928-penicillin","Penicillin discovered",{"url":723,"title":724},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FPenicillin","Wikipedia: Penicillin","In 1928 the Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, which later became a life-saving antibiotic.",{"id":727,"year":728,"title":729,"review":9,"source":730,"chapter":13,"summary":733},"uk-1939-second-world-war",1939,"Second World War begins",{"url":731,"title":732},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWorld_War_II","Wikipedia: World War II","The Second World War began in 1939 and lasted until 1945; Britain fought against Nazi Germany and its allies.",{"id":735,"year":736,"title":737,"review":9,"source":738,"chapter":431,"summary":741},"uk-1940-churchill-pm",1940,"Churchill becomes Prime Minister",{"url":739,"title":740},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWinston_Churchill","Wikipedia: Winston Churchill","Winston Churchill became Prime Minister in 1940 and led Britain through the rest of the war.",{"id":743,"year":736,"title":744,"review":9,"source":745,"chapter":13,"summary":748},"uk-1940-dunkirk","Dunkirk evacuation",{"url":746,"title":747},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDunkirk_evacuation","Wikipedia: Dunkirk evacuation","In 1940 hundreds of thousands of soldiers were rescued from the beaches of Dunkirk in France, many by small boats.",{"id":750,"year":736,"title":751,"review":9,"source":752,"chapter":13,"summary":755},"uk-1940-battle-of-britain","Battle of Britain",{"url":753,"title":754},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBattle_of_Britain","Wikipedia: Battle of Britain","In 1940 the Royal Air Force fought off the German air force, stopping plans to invade Britain.",{"id":757,"year":758,"title":759,"review":9,"source":760,"chapter":13,"summary":763},"uk-1942-beveridge-report",1942,"Beveridge Report",{"url":761,"title":762},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBeveridge_Report","Wikipedia: Beveridge Report","A 1942 report by William Beveridge set out plans to protect people from poverty and illness, the basis of the welfare state.",{"id":765,"year":766,"title":767,"review":9,"source":768,"chapter":13,"summary":771},"uk-1944-d-day",1944,"D-Day landings",{"url":769,"title":770},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNormandy_landings","Wikipedia: Normandy landings","On 6 June 1944 Allied forces landed on the beaches of Normandy to begin freeing western Europe.",{"id":773,"year":774,"title":775,"review":9,"source":776,"chapter":13,"summary":779},"uk-1945-ve-day",1945,"Victory in Europe",{"url":777,"title":778},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FVictory_in_Europe_Day","Wikipedia: Victory in Europe Day","Germany surrendered and the war in Europe ended on 8 May 1945, celebrated as VE Day.",{"id":781,"year":782,"title":783,"review":9,"source":784,"chapter":13,"summary":787},"uk-1947-indian-independence",1947,"India and Pakistan independent",{"url":785,"title":786},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FIndian_Independence_Act_1947","Wikipedia: Indian Independence Act 1947","In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent, the first big step in the end of the British Empire.",{"id":789,"year":790,"title":791,"review":9,"source":792,"chapter":13,"summary":795},"uk-1948-nhs",1948,"National Health Service",{"url":793,"title":794},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FNational_Health_Service_(England)","Wikipedia: National Health Service (England)","The NHS started in 1948, giving people free health care paid for through taxes.",{"id":797,"year":790,"title":798,"review":9,"source":799,"chapter":13,"summary":802},"uk-1948-windrush","Arrival of the Windrush",{"url":800,"title":801},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHMT_Empire_Windrush","Wikipedia: HMT Empire Windrush","In June 1948 the ship Empire Windrush reached Tilbury carrying many people from the Caribbean who came to live and work in Britain.",{"id":804,"year":805,"title":806,"review":9,"source":807,"chapter":13,"summary":810},"uk-1953-coronation-elizabeth-ii",1953,"Coronation of Elizabeth II",{"url":808,"title":809},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCoronation_of_Elizabeth_II","Wikipedia: Coronation of Elizabeth II","Elizabeth II, queen since 1952, was crowned at Westminster Abbey in June 1953.",{"id":812,"year":813,"title":814,"review":9,"source":815,"chapter":431,"summary":818},"uk-1969-voting-age-18",1969,"Voting age lowered to 18",{"url":816,"title":817},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FRepresentation_of_the_People_Act_1969","Wikipedia: Representation of the People Act 1969","A 1969 law lowered the voting age from 21 to 18.",{"id":820,"year":813,"title":821,"review":9,"source":822,"chapter":13,"summary":825},"uk-1969-the-troubles","The Troubles",{"url":823,"title":824},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FThe_Troubles","Wikipedia: The Troubles","In 1969 violence in Northern Ireland led to British troops being sent there; the conflict known as the Troubles lasted about 30 years.",{"id":827,"year":828,"title":829,"review":9,"source":830,"chapter":431,"summary":833},"uk-1970-equal-pay-act",1970,"Equal Pay Act",{"url":831,"title":832},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEqual_Pay_Act_1970","Wikipedia: Equal Pay Act 1970","The Equal Pay Act of 1970 said women and men must be paid the same for the same work.",{"id":835,"year":836,"title":837,"review":9,"source":838,"chapter":13,"summary":841},"uk-1973-joins-ec",1973,"UK joins the European Community",{"url":839,"title":840},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002F1973_enlargement_of_the_European_Communities","Wikipedia: 1973 enlargement of the European Communities","On 1 January 1973 the UK became a member of the European Community, which later grew into the European Union.",{"id":843,"year":844,"title":845,"review":9,"source":846,"chapter":431,"summary":849},"uk-1979-thatcher",1979,"First woman Prime Minister",{"url":847,"title":848},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMargaret_Thatcher","Wikipedia: Margaret Thatcher","Margaret Thatcher became Britain's first woman Prime Minister in 1979 and served until 1990.",{"id":851,"year":852,"title":853,"review":9,"source":854,"chapter":13,"summary":857},"uk-1982-falklands-war",1982,"Falklands War",{"url":855,"title":856},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FFalklands_War","Wikipedia: Falklands War","In 1982 Britain fought a short war with Argentina and took back the Falkland Islands.",{"id":859,"year":860,"title":861,"review":9,"source":862,"chapter":13,"summary":865},"uk-1989-world-wide-web",1989,"World Wide Web invented",{"url":863,"title":864},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FWorld_Wide_Web","Wikipedia: World Wide Web","In 1989 the British scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web.",{"id":867,"year":868,"title":869,"review":9,"source":870,"chapter":431,"summary":873},"uk-1998-good-friday-agreement",1998,"Good Friday Agreement",{"url":871,"title":872},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FGood_Friday_Agreement","Wikipedia: Good Friday Agreement","The agreement signed in April 1998 ended most of the violence in Northern Ireland and set up shared government there.",{"id":875,"year":868,"title":876,"review":9,"source":877,"chapter":880,"summary":881},"uk-1998-human-rights-act","Human Rights Act",{"url":878,"title":879},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FHuman_Rights_Act_1998","Wikipedia: Human Rights Act 1998","values","The Human Rights Act of 1998 made the rights in the European Convention on Human Rights part of UK law.",{"id":883,"year":884,"title":885,"review":9,"source":886,"chapter":431,"summary":889},"uk-1999-scottish-parliament",1999,"Scottish Parliament opens",{"url":887,"title":888},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FScottish_Parliament","Wikipedia: Scottish Parliament","The new Scottish Parliament met for the first time in May 1999 and makes laws on many matters in Scotland.",{"id":891,"year":884,"title":892,"review":9,"source":893,"chapter":431,"summary":896},"uk-1999-welsh-assembly","Welsh Assembly opens",{"url":894,"title":895},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FSenedd","Wikipedia: Senedd","The National Assembly for Wales, now the Senedd, was set up in 1999 with powers over many Welsh matters.",{"id":898,"year":899,"title":900,"review":9,"source":901,"chapter":880,"summary":904},"uk-2010-equality-act",2010,"Equality Act",{"url":902,"title":903},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FEquality_Act_2010","Wikipedia: Equality Act 2010","The Equality Act of 2010 brought together the laws that protect people from unfair treatment.",{"id":906,"year":907,"title":908,"review":9,"source":909,"chapter":912,"summary":913},"uk-2012-london-olympics",2012,"London Olympic Games",{"url":910,"title":911},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002F2012_Summer_Olympics","Wikipedia: 2012 Summer Olympics","society","London hosted the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2012.",{"id":915,"year":916,"title":917,"review":9,"source":918,"chapter":880,"summary":921},"uk-2013-same-sex-marriage",2013,"Same-sex marriage",{"url":919,"title":920},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FMarriage_(Same_Sex_Couples)_Act_2013","Wikipedia: Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013","A 2013 law allowed same-sex couples to marry in England and Wales.",{"id":923,"year":924,"title":925,"review":9,"source":926,"chapter":431,"summary":929},"uk-2014-scottish-referendum",2014,"Scottish independence vote",{"url":927,"title":928},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002F2014_Scottish_independence_referendum","Wikipedia: 2014 Scottish independence referendum","In September 2014 voters in Scotland chose to stay in the United Kingdom.",{"id":931,"year":932,"title":933,"review":9,"source":934,"chapter":431,"summary":937},"uk-2016-eu-referendum",2016,"EU referendum",{"url":935,"title":936},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002F2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum","Wikipedia: 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum","In June 2016 a UK-wide vote decided, by a narrow majority, that the UK should leave the European Union.",{"id":939,"year":940,"title":941,"review":9,"source":942,"chapter":13,"summary":945},"uk-2020-brexit",2020,"UK leaves the EU",{"url":943,"title":944},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FBrexit","Wikipedia: Brexit","The UK formally left the European Union on 31 January 2020.",{"id":947,"year":948,"title":949,"review":9,"source":950,"chapter":13,"summary":953},"uk-2022-charles-iii-accession",2022,"Charles III becomes king",{"url":951,"title":952},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FDeath_and_state_funeral_of_Elizabeth_II","Wikipedia: Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II","Queen Elizabeth II died in September 2022 after a reign of 70 years, and her son became King Charles III.",{"id":955,"year":956,"title":957,"review":9,"source":958,"chapter":13,"summary":961},"uk-2023-coronation-charles-iii",2023,"Coronation of Charles III",{"url":959,"title":960},"https:\u002F\u002Fen.wikipedia.org\u002Fwiki\u002FCoronation_of_Charles_III_and_Camilla","Wikipedia: Coronation of Charles III and Camilla","King Charles III and Queen Camilla were crowned at Westminster Abbey on 6 May 2023.",1794177772540]